French regular -RE verbs are a small group of
French verbs which share a
conjugation pattern. Here are the most common regular -RE verbs:
attendre to wait (for)
défendre to defend
descendre to descend
entendre to to hear
étendre to stretch
fondre to melt
pendre to hang, suspend
perdre to lose
prétendre to claim
rendre to give back, return
répandre to spread, scatter
répondre to answer
vendre to sell
Irregular verbs are so named because they do not follow any of the regular conjugation patterns. But that doesn't mean that every irregular French verb is unique; many of them share a conjugation pattern with at least one other verb. By learning how to conjugate one verb in a group and memorizing the list of similar verbs, you'll be able to conjugate all the verbs in that group.
French has five irregular -RE verb patterns - see examples at the bottom of the page:
1.The first group includes
prendre and all of its derivations (
comprendre, etc). These verbs
drop the din all three plural forms and also
double the nin the third person plural.
2.The second group includes
battre and all of its derivations (
débattre, etc). These verbs
drop the stem's final tin the singular forms.
3.The third group includes
mettre and all of its derivations (
promettre, etc). These verbs are conjugated just like
battre verbs in the present tense, but I consider them a separate group because they are conjugated differently in the
passé simple,
imperfect subjunctive, and
past participle.
(As you can see in the table below, the first three groups take the same present tense verb endings.)
4.The fourth group of irregular -RE verbs includes
rompre and its derivations (
corrompre, etc). These verbs are conjugated exactly like
regular -RE verbs with the single exception of the third person singular present tense, which adds a
tafter the stem.
5.The fifth group of irregular -RE verbs includes all verbs that end in -
aindre (e.g.,
craindre), -
eindre(like
peindre), and -
oindre (such as
joindre). These verbs
drop the din the root in all forms, and
add a g in front of the nin the plural forms.
The rest of the irregular -RE verbs have unique or unwieldy conjugations, so you have to memorize each one separately. Try working on one verb a day until you've mastered them all:
absoudre,
boire,
clore,
conclure,
conduire,
confire,
connaître,
coudre,
croire,
dire,
écrire,
faire,
inscrire,
lire,
moudre,
naître,
plaire,
rire,
suivre,
vivre.
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French imperfect conjugations are very easy, as the imperfect of virtually all verbs—regular and irregular—is formed the same way: drop the
-ons ending from the present indicative
nous form of the verb and adding the imperfect endings.
Être is the only irregular verb in the imperfect, because the present tense
nous sommeshas no
-ons to drop. So it has the irregular stem
ét- and uses the same endings as all other verbs.
As in many other tenses,
spelling change verbs, that is, verb which end in
-cer and
-ger, have minor spelling changes in the imperfect.
Verbs that end in
-ier have an imperfect root that ends in i, so end with double i in the
nous and
vous form of the imperfect. This isn't irregular, but it looks kind of weird.
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There are five main kinds of verbs in French: regular -ER, -IR, -RE; stem-changing; and irregular. Once you've learned the rules of conjugation for each of the first three kinds of verbs, you should have no problem
conjugating regular verbs in each of those categories. The
majority of French verbs are regular -ER verbs - see the next page for a list of some
common -ER verbs.
The verb form that ends in -ER is called the infinitive (in English, the infinitive is the verb preceded by the word "to"), and -ER is the infinitive ending. The verb with the infinitive ending removed is called the stem or radical. To conjugate -ER verbs, remove the infinitive ending to find the stem and add the endings in the table below.
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French regular -ER verbs, by far the largest group of French verbs, share a
conjugation pattern. Here are just a few of the most common regular -ER verbs:
aimer to like, to love
arriver to arrive, to happen
chanter to sing
chercher to look for
commencer* to begin
danser to dance
demander to ask for
dépenser to spend (money)
détester to hate
donner to give
écouter to listen to
étudier** to study
fermer to close
goûter to taste
jouer to play
laver to wash
manger* to eat
nager* to swim
parler to talk, to speak
passer to pass, spend (time)
penser to think
porter to wear, to carry
regarder to watch, to look at
rêver to dream
sembler to seem
skier* to ski
travailler to work
trouver to find
visiter to visit (a place)
voler to fly, to steal
There are a lot of French verbs that end in -ER and there are a lot of irregular French verbs, but
there is only one irregular -ER verb. However, there are three groups of -ER verbs that have some irregularities.
Aller Aller (to go) is the only truly irregular -er verb in French - its conjugations are unique and, according to some, very odd.
Spelling change verbs Spelling change verbs are verbs that end in
-cer or
-ger. Their stem formation and verb endings are the same as for regular -er verbs, but there is a slight spelling change for pronunciation purposes in certain conjugations.
Stem-changing verbs Stem-changing verbs are -er verbs that take the regular endings but have two different radicals. There are five categories of French stem-changing verbs:
-yer,
-eler,
-eter,
-e_er, and
-é_er.
-IER verbs There is nothing actually irregular about the conjugation of
-ier verbs - they are conjugated like regular -er verbs, but some of their forms look strange.
📷
French regular -IR verbs, the second largest group of French verbs, share a
conjugation pattern. Here are just a few of the most common regular -IR verbs:
abolir to abolish
agir to act
avertir to warn
bâtir to build
bénir to bless
choisir to choose
établir to establish
étourdir to stun, deafen, make dizzy
finir to finish
grossir to gain weight, get fat
guérir to cure, heal, recover
maigrir to lose weight, get thin
nourrir to feed, nourish
obéir to obey
punir to punish
réfléchir to reflect, think
remplir to to fill
réussir to succeed
rougir to blush, turn red
vieillir to grow old
Irregular verbs are the bane of every French student's existence, but there is some good news. There are some patterns in the irregularities - once you learn the
conjugations for one verb in a group, you shouldn't have any trouble with the other verbs in that group.
There are two groups of irregular -IR verbs: 1.The first group of irregular verbs includes
dormir,
mentir,
partir,
sentir,
servir,
sortir, and all of their derivatives (
repartir, etc). These verbs drop the last letter of the radical in the singular conjugations - see example in table below.
2.The second group of verbs includes
couvrir,
cueillir,
découvrir,
offrir,
ouvrir,
souffrir, and their derivatives (
recouvrir, etc). These verbs are conjugated like
regular -ER verbs - see example in table below.
The rest of the irregular -IR verbs don't follow a pattern - you have to memorize the conjugations for each one separately:
asseoir,
courir,
devoir,
falloir,
mourir,
pleuvoir,
pouvoir,
recevoir,
savoir,
tenir,
valoir,
venir,
voir,
vouloir 📷
The passé composé is the most common French past tense, often used in conjunction with the
imperfect. The
passé composé can express any of the following:
I. An action completed in the past As-tu étudié ce weekend ? Did you study this weekend?
Ils ont déjà mangé. They have already eaten.
II. An action repeated a number of times in the past Oui, j'ai mangé cinq fois hier. Yes, I did eat five times yesterday.
Nous avons visité Paris plusieurs fois. We've visited Paris several times.
III. A series of actions completed in the past Quand je suis arrivé, j'ai vu les fleurs. When I arrived, I saw the flowers.
Samedi, il a vu sa mère, a parlé au médicin et a trouvé un chat. Saturday he saw his mother, talked to the doctor, and found a cat.
The
passé composé is a
compound conjugation, which means it has two parts:
- present tense of the auxiliary verb (either avoir or être)
- past participle of the main verb
📷
Imperfect Quand j'avais 15 ans, je voulais être psychiatre. Je m'intéressais à la psychologie parce que je connaissais beaucoup de gens très bizarres. Le week-end, j'allais à la bibliothèque et j'étudiais pendant toute la journée. When I was 15, I wanted to be a psychiatrist. I was interested in psychology because I knew a lot of really weird people. On the weekends, I used to go to the library and study all day.
Passé composé Un jour, je suis tombé malade et j'ai découvert les miracles de la médecine. J'ai fait la connaissance d'un médecin et j'ai commencé à étudier avec lui. Quand la faculté de médecine m'a accepté, je n'ai plus pensé à la psychologie. One day, I got sick and discovered the wonders of medicine. I met a doctor and started studying with him. After the medical school accepted me, I didn't think about psychology any more.
Indicators The following key words and phrases tend to be used with either the imperfect or the passé composé, so when you see any of them, you know which tense you need:
The imperative, called
l'impératif in French, is a verb
mood which is used to
· give an order
· express a desire
· make a request
· offer advice
· recommend something
Unlike all other French verb tenses and personal moods, the
subject pronoun is not used with the imperative:
Fermez la porte. Close the door.
Mangeons maintenant. Let's eat now.
Ayez la bonté de m'attendre. Please wait for me.
Veuillez m'excuser. Please excuse me.
The above are called "affirmative commands," because they are telling someone to do something. "Negative commands," which tell someone
notto do something, are made by placing
ne in front of the verb and the appropriate
negative adverb after the verb:
Ne parle pas ! Don't speak!
N'oublions pas les livres. Let's not forget the books.
N'ayez jamais peur. Never be afraid.
-ER verbs (regular, stem-changing,
spelling change, and irregular) The imperative conjugations for
nous and
vous are the same as the present indicative, and the
tu form of the imperative is the indicative minus the final s (but see item 4 on
this page):
parler (tu) parle (nous) parlons (vous) parlez
lever (tu) lève (nous) levons (vous) levez
aller (tu) va (nous) allons (vous) allez
Verbs which are conjugated like -ER verbs (meaning that in the indicative the
tu form ends in -es), such as
ouvrir and
souffrir, follow the same rules as -ER verbs.
ouvrir (tu) ouvre (nous) ouvrons (vous) ouvrez
-IR verbs and -RE verbs The imperative conjugations for all regular and most* irregular -IR and -RE verbs are the same as the present indicative conjugations.
finir (tu) finis (nous) finissons (vous) finissez
attendre (tu) attends (nous) attendons (vous) attendez
faire (tu) fais (nous) faisons (vous) faites
*Except for verbs conjugated like -ER verbs and the following four irregular imperative verbs:
avoir (tu) aie (nous) ayons (vous) ayez
être (tu) sois (nous) soyons (vous) soyez
savoir (tu) sache (nous) sachons (vous) sachez
vouloir (tu) veuille (nous) n/a (vous) veuillez
The order of words in a French sentence can be very confusing due to affirmative and negative imperative constructions and object and
adverbial pronouns. This lesson will teach you exactly how to order your sentences when using the imperative. Remember that there are two kinds of imperatives, affirmative and negative, and the word order is different for each of them.
Negative imperatives are easier, because their
word order is the same as that of all other simple verb conjugations: any object, reflexive, and/or adverbial pronouns precede the verb and the
negative structure surrounds the pronoun(s) + verb:
Finis ! - Finish!
Ne finis pas ! - Don't finish!
Ne le finis pas ! - Don't finish it!
Lisez ! - Read!
Ne lisez pas ! - Don't read!
Ne le lisez pas ! - Don't read it!
Ne me le lisez pas ! - Don't read it to me!
Affirmative commands are more complicated, for several reasons.
1.The word order is for affirmative commands is different from that of all other verb tenses/moods: any pronouns follow the verb and are connected to it and to each other with
hyphens.
Finis-le ! - Finish it!
Allons-y ! - Let's go!
Mangez-les ! - Eat them!
Donne-lui-en ! - Give him some!
2.The order of the pronouns in affirmative commands is slightly different from all other verb tenses/moods (see table at the bottom of the page):
Envoie-le-nous ! - Send it to us!
Expliquons-la-leur ! - Let's explain it to them!
Donnez-nous-en ! - Give us some!
Donne-le-moi ! - Give it to me!
3.The pronouns
me and
te change to the
stressed pronouns moi and
toi...
Lève-toi ! - Get up!
Parlez-moi ! - Talk to me!
Dis-moi ! - Tell me!
...unless they are followed by
y or en, in which case they
contract to
m' and
t' Va-t'en ! - Go away!
Faites-m'y penser. - Remind me about it.
4.When a
tu command is followed by the pronouns
y or en, the final s is not dropped from the verb conjugation:
Vas-y ! - Go away!
Parles-en. - Talk about it.
📷
submitted by I've got a French summer assignment that consists of copying down verbs in their present and imperative forms, plus the passe compose. I need to copy down the passe compose form for a few irregular verbs. aller has a different form from other irregular verbs for this tense, however; I believe the past participle ends up acting as an adjective? I'm wondering why this doesn't apply to other irregular verbs, like boire for example. Online sites say that the "past participle" part is bu for boire, but the "past participle" part for aller varies, like "allée" or "allés". Basically, the past participle in the passe compose conjugation for aller ends up having various forms, but the past participle in the passe compose for boire just ends up being bu with no other variations. If I could get a clear explanation on why this happens to aller, that would be great, thanks. Please correct me if my examples are incorrect, and if a clearer explanation is needed, just say the word.
submitted by It is possible that aller is the single most irregular French verb. Its conjugation involve no less than three distinct stems from synonymous Latin roots: all-/aill-, v-, ir-. Aside from this, most endings are those of first conjugation ( -er) verbs. Aller verb is conjugated in negative form. It is possible that aller is the single most irregular French verb. Its conjugation involve no less than three distinct stems from synonymous Latin roots: all-/aill-, v-, ir-. Aside from this, most endings are those of first conjugation ( -er) verbs. Aller verb is conjugated in interrogative form. To master the use of aller as a French person would, both in terms of pronunciation and speed, try training with audio recordings. Compound Tenses Some verbs also use the auxiliary verb être to form their passé-composé (past compound) and other compound tenses. aller: Conjugation. The aller conjugation tables below show how to form the French verb aller according to tense and person. To listen to the pronunciation of a given tense of aller, click on the loudspeaker icon at the bottom of the table.See the notes on the conjugation of aller at the end of this page. Watch to learn how to conjugate the French verb "aller" ("to go") in the present imperative. Conjugate the French verb aller in several modes, tenses, voices, numbers, persons : indicative mode, subjunctive, imperative mood, conditional, participle form ... Aller is a third group verb even if it finishes in -er. It conjugates with 3 different bases : va to indicative present and imperative : je vais, tu vas..., base ir to future and conditional :... Conjugate the French verb aller in all tenses: future, participle, present, indicative, subjunctive. Irregular verbs, auxiliary verbs, conjugation rules and conjugation models in French verb conjugation. Translate aller in context, with examples of use and definition. In this French grammar lesson, you will learn about aller conjugation in the present tense.. In this lesson you will learn about: how aller is conjugated in French,; how aller is used in French,; how aller is pronounced in French,; how aller is used in sentences in French,; how you can quiz yourself on aller conjugation in the present tense; how aller conjugation in the present tense Anki ... The imperative only exists in the second person singular (tu), the first person plural (nous) and the second person plural (vous). The imperative is conjugated in the same way as the present tense, but the subject pronouns are omitted. Learn how to use the imperative in French with Lingolia, then test your knowledge in the free exercises.
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